Crimigración: Los riesgos del uso creciente del Derecho migratorio en el marco del sistema penal
Crimmigration: Exploring the Challenges of the Increasing Utilisation of Migration Law Within the Criminal Justice System
Barra lateral del artículo
PDF
FLIP
HTML
XML
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
En marzo de 2024 se ha celebrado en Portland (EE. UU.) el quinto congreso global de estudios crimigratorios. A lo largo de los últimos tres lustros, la crimigración se ha convertido en una tesis fundamental para estudiar los procesos de criminalización de la movilidad irregular y, más en general, la creciente interrelación entre el derecho penal y el derecho migratorio. Este trabajo presenta las principales líneas de debate en torno a la tesis de la crimigración. Junto a ello, analiza un aspecto al que no se ha prestado suficiente atención por parte de la literatura internacional en la materia, a saber, la tensión entre los objetivos de control migratorio y los de control penal. Esa tensión, que se manifiesta tanto en el plano normativo como –más aún– en el de aplicación del derecho, ha dado lugar en diferentes países a diversos modelos punitivos, que en general suelen priorizar los intereses de control migratorio frente a los propios del derecho penal y del sistema penal.
Palabras clave:
Descargas
Detalles del artículo
Referencias (VER)
Abrego, L., Coleman, M., Martínez, D. E., Menjívar, C. & Slack, J. (2017). Making Immigrants into Criminals: Legal Processes of Criminalization in the Post-iirira Era. Journal on Migration and Human Security 5(3): 694-715.
Aliverti, A. (2012a). Making People Criminal: The Role of the Criminal Law in Immigration Enforcement. Theoretical Criminology 16(4): 417-434.
Aliverti, A. (2012b). Exploring the function of criminal law in the policing of foreig-ners: The decision to prosecute immigration-related offences. Social & Legal Studies 21(4): 511-527.
Aliverti, A. (2013). Crimes of mobility: Criminal law and the regulation of immi-gration. Abingdon: Routledge.
Aliverti, A. (2020). Patrolling the ‘thin blue line’ in a world in motion: An exploration of the crime-migration nexus in UK policing. Theoretical criminology 24(1): 8-27.
Aliverti, A. (2021). Policing the Borders Within. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Armenta, A. & Vega, I. I. (2017). Latinos and the Crimmigration System. Race, Ethnicity and Law 22: 221-236.
Balibar, E. (2001). Nous, Citoyens d’Europe? Les frontières, l’État, le people. Paris: La Découverte.
Bhatia, M. (2020). Crimmigration, Imprisonment and Racist Violence: Narratives of People Seeking Asylum in Great Britain. Journal of Sociology 56(1): 36-52.
Billings, P. (2019). Crimmigration in Australia: Law, Politics and Society. Cham: Springer.
Bosworth, M. (2016). Border criminology: How migration is changing criminal jus-tice. En Bosworth, M. Hoyle C. & Zedner, L. (eds.). Changing contours of criminal justice. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 213-226.
Bosworth, M. & Guild, M. (2008). Governing Through Migration Control: Securi¬ty and Citizenship in Britain. The British Journal of Criminology 48(6): 703-719.
Bosworth, M. Franko K. & Pickering, S. (2018). Punishment, Globalization and Mi-gration Control: “Get Them the Hell out of Here”. Punishment & Society 20(1): 34-53.
Bowling, B. & Westenra, S. (2020). “A Really Hostile Environment”: Adiaphori-zation, Global Policing and the Crimmigration Control System. Theoretical Crimi-nology 24(2): 163-183.
Brandariz, J. A. (2016). El modelo gerencial-actuarial de penalidad: Eficiencia, riesgo y sistema penal. Madrid: Dykinson.
Brandariz, J. A. (2022). Beyond the Austerity-Driven Hypothesis: Political Economic Theses on Penality and the Recent Prison Population Decline. European Journal of Criminology 19(3): 349-367.
Brandariz, J. A. (2023). Anti-smuggling penal policies: a cross-national exploration. En Militello V. & Spena, A. (eds.). The challenges of illegal trafficking in the Mediterranean area. Cham: Springer (en prensa).
Brandariz, J. A. & Fernández-Bessa, C. (2017). The managerial turn: The transfor-mation of Spanish migration control policies since the onset of the economic crisis. Howard Journal of Crime and Justice 56(2): 198-219.
Brown, D. (2018). Mass Incarceration. En Carlen P. & França L. Ayres (eds.). Alter-native Criminologies. Abingdon: Routledge, pp. 364-385.
Campesi, G. & Fabini, G. (2020). Immigration Detention as Social Defence: Policing ‘Dangerous Mobility’ in Italy. Theoretical Criminology 24(1): 50-70.
Caro, J. L. (2016). España expulsa en tres años a 34 extranjeros por actividades terroristas. ABC, 19 de septiembre. Disponible en www.abc.es/espana/abci-espana-expulsa-tres-anos-34-extranjeros-actividades-terroristas-201609190337_noticia.html (último acceso: 6 de agosto de 2023).
Caro, J. L. (2017). España ha expulsado por terrorismo este año a 28 presos, tres de ellos del 11-M. ABC, 9 de diciembre. Disponible en www.abc.es/espana/abci-espa¬na-expulsado-este-terrorismo-28-presos-tres-ellos-11-m-201712090202_noticia. html?ref=https:%2F%2Fwww.google.es%2F (último acceso: 6 de agosto de 2023).
Carvalho, H. Chamberlen A. & Lewis, R. (2020). Punitiveness beyond criminal justice: Punishable and punitive subjects in an era of prevention, anti-migration and austerity. The British Journal of Criminology 60(2): 265-284.
Chacón, J. (2007). Unsecured Borders: Immigration Restrictions, Crime Control and National Security. Connecticut Law Review 39: 1827-1891.
Chacón, J. M. (2009). Managing Migration through Crime. Columbia Law Review Sidebar 109: 135-148.
Chacón, J. M. (2015). Producing Liminal Legality. Denver University Law Review 92(4): 709-767.
Eagly, I. V. (2010). Prosecuting Immigration. Northwestern University Law Review 104(4): 1281-1359.
Chazaro, A. (2016). Challenging the “Criminal Alien” Paradigm. ucla Law Review 63(3): 594-664.
Colmenero, B. (2017). Vidas Culpáveis: O. control neoliberal do crime. Santiago de Compostela: Laiovento.
Colmenero-Ferreiro, B. & Brandariz, J. A. (2019). Reinventing counter-terrorism tactics and practices in the post-eta Spanish criminal justice system. Studi Culturali xvi(1): 43-67.
Cullen. F. & Graham, M. (2020). Crime and Justice in the Trump Era. London: Routledge.
Di Molfetta. E. and Brouwer, J. (2020). Unravelling the ‘crimmigration Knot’: Penal Subjectivities, Punishment and the Censure Machine. Criminology and Criminal Justice 20(3): 302-318.
Duarte, F. (2017). El silencioso regreso de los chilenos condenados por bombazo en España. La Tercera, 7 de marzo. Disponible en https://www.latercera.com/noticia/ silencioso-regreso-los-chilenos-condenados-bombazo-espana/ (último acceso: 7 de agosto de 2023).
Eagly, I. V. (2010). Prosecuting Immigration. Northwestern University Law Review 104(4): 1281-1359.
Eagly, I. V. (2013). Criminal Justice for Noncitizens: An Analysis of Variation in Local Enforcement. New York University Law Review 88: 1126-1223.
Eagly, I. V. (2017). Prosecuting Immigrants in a Democracy. En Langer M. & Sklans¬ky D. A. (eds.). Prosecutors and Democracy: A. Cross-National Study. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 227-249.
Fabini, G. (2019). Internal bordering in the context of undeportability: Border performances in Italy. Theoretical Criminology 23(2): 175-193.
Fabini, G. (2022). Polizia e migranti in città: Negoziare il confine nei contesti locali. Roma Carocci.
Fernández Bessa, C. (2008). Frontera Sur: Nuevas políticas de gestión y externalización del control de la inmigración en Europa. Barcelona: Virus.
Franko Aas, K. (2013). The Ordered and the Bordered Society: Migration Control, Citizenship, and the Northern Penal State. En Franko Aas K. & Bosworth, M. (eds.).
The Borders of Punishment: Migration, Citizenship, and Social Exclusion. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 21-39.
Franko Aas, K. (2014). Bordered Penality: Precarious Membership and Abnormal Justice. Punishment & Society 16(5): 520-541.
Franko, K. (2020). The Crimmigrant Other: Migration and Penal Power. Abingdon: Routledge.
García T. & Prat, J. (2015). Las cloacas de la “lucha antiyihadista”. El Salto, 30 de diciembre. Disponible en www.elsaltodiario.com/hemeroteca-diagonal/las-cloacas-de-la-lucha-antiyihadista (último acceso: 6 de agosto de 2023).
García España, E. (2018). Enfoque criminológico de las migraciones. Madrid: Síntesis.
García Hernández. C. C. (2014). Creating Crimmigration. Brigham Young University Law Review 2013: 1457-1516.
García Hernández. C. C. (2018). Deconstructing Crimmigration. University of Ca-lifornia Davis Law Review 52: 197-253.
García Hernández. C. C. (2019). Migrating to Prison: America’s Obsession with Locking Up Immigrants. New York: The New Press.
Gatta G. L. (2021). Global Trends in ‘Crimmigration’ Policies: From the EU to the usa. In: Gatta. G. L.. Mitsilegas. V. & Zirulia, S. (eds.). (2021). Controlling Immigration through Criminal Law: European and Comparative Perspectives on ‘Crimmigration’. Portland: Hart, pp. 47-79.
Gatta G. L. Mitsilegas V. & Zirulia, S. (eds.). (2021). Controlling Immigration through Criminal Law: European and Comparative Perspectives on ‘Crimmigration’. Port-land: Hart.
Gibney, M. J. (2008). Asylum and the Expansion of Deportation in the United Kingdom. Government and Opposition 43(2): 146-167.
Golash-Boza, T. (2016). The Parallels between Mass Incarceration and Mass De-portation: An Intersectional Analysis of State Repression. Journal of World-Systems Research 22(2): 484-509.
Goodman, A. (2020). The Deportation Machine: America’s Long History of Expelling Immigrants. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Goodman, M. Page J. & Phelps, M. (2017). Breaking the Pendulum: The Long Struggle Over Criminal Justice. New York: Oxford University Press.
Guia, M. J. van der Woude M. & van der Leun, J. (eds.). Social Control and Justice: Crimmigration in the Age of Fear. Den Haag: Eleven.
Guild, E. (2009). Security and Migration in the 21st Century. Cambridge: Polity.
Gundhus, H. O. I. (2020). Sorting Out Welfare: Crimmigration Practices and Ab-normal Justice in Norway. en Koulish R. & van der Woude, M. (eds.). Crimmigrant Nations: Resurgent Nationalism and the Closing of Borders. New York: Fordham University Press, pp. 249-278.
Hernández, D. M. (2008). Pursuant to Deportation: Latinos and Immigrant Detention. Latino Studies 6(1-2): 35-63.
Hernández, O. (2019a). Dónde y cómo trabajan los carteristas del metro de Barcelona. El Periódico, 25 de junio. Disponible en www.elperiodico.com/es/barcelo-na/20190625/donde-como-actuan-carteristas-metro-7518898 (último acceso: 4 de agosto de 2023).
Hernández, O. (2019b). Un centenar de carteristas actúan cada día en el metro de Barcelona. El Periódico, 25 de junio. Disponible en www.elperiodico.com/es/barce¬lona/20190625/centenar-carteristas-actuan-cada-dia-metro-7518859 (ultimo acceso: 4 de Agosto de 2023).
Hudson, G. (2018). Does Crimmigration Theory Rest on a Mistake? International Journal of Migration and Border Studies 4(4): 303-325.
Huysmans, J. (2006). The Politics of Insecurity: Fear, Migration and Asylum in the EU. Abingdon: Routledge.
Kanstroom, D. (2007). Deportation Nation: Outsiders in American History. Cam-bridge: Harvard University Press.
Kanstroom, D. (2012). Aftermath: Deportation Law and the New American Dias-pora. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Karstedt, S., Bergin, T. & Koch, M. (2019). Critical Junctures and Conditions of Change: Exploring the Fall of Prison Populations in US States. Social & Legal Studies 28(1): 58-80.
Kaufman, E. (2015). Punish and Expel: Border Control, Nationalism, and the New Purpose of the Prison. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Kaufman, S. B. (2019). The Criminalization of Muslims in the United States, 2016. Qualitative Sociology 42(4): 521-542.
Koulish R. & van der Woude, M. (eds.), Crimmigrant Nations: Resurgent Nationa-lism and the Closing of Borders. New York: Fordham University Press.
Koulish, R. & van der Woude, M. (2020b). Introduction: The “Problem” of Migration. en Koulish, R. & van der Woude, M. (eds.). Crimmigrant Nations: Resurgent Nationalism and the Closing of Borders. New York: Fordham University Press, pp. 1-30.
Kubal, A. (2014). Struggles against Subjection. Implications of Criminalization of Migration for Migrants’ Everyday Lives in Europe. Crime, Law and Social Change 62(2): 91-111.
Kubal A. & Olayo-Méndez, A. (2020). Mirrors of Justice? Undocumented Immi-grants in Courts in the United States and Russia. en Koulish R. & van der Woude, M. (eds.). Crimmigrant Nations: Resurgent Nationalism and the Closing of Borders. New York: Fordham University Press, pp. 198-224.
Legomsky, S. H. (2007). The New Path of Immigration Law: Asymmetric Incorpo-ration of Criminal Justice Norms. Washington & Lee Law Review 64(2): 469-528.
Lynch, M. (2017). Backpacking the Border: The Intersection of Drug and Immigra-tion Prosecutions in a High-volume US Court. The British Journal of Criminology 57(1): 112-131.
Ma, T. (2022). Contesting Crimmigration in Post-Hukou China. Cham: Springer.
Marín, H. (2019). De patrulla contra los carteristas en la ciudad “sin ley” de Colau. El Mundo, 21 de julio. Disponible en www.elmundo.es/cronica/2019/07/21/5d31c 2d3fc6c83880e8b469b.html (último acceso: 4 de agosto de 2023).
Marone, F. (2017). The Use of Deportation in Counter-Terrorism: Insights from the Italian Case. ICCT. Disponible en icct.nl/publication/the-use-of-deportation-in-cou-nter-terrorism-insights-from-the-italian-case/ (último acceso: 6 de agosto de 2023).
Martínez, D. E., Slack, J. & Martínez-Schuldt, R. (2018). The Rise of Mass Depor-tation in the United States. en Martínez Jr. R. Hollis M. E. & Stowell, J. I. (eds.). The Handbook of Race, Ethnicity, Crime, and Justice. Hoboken: Willey Blackwell, pp. 173-201.
McCulloch, J. & Pickering, S. (2009). Pre-crime and Counter-terrorism: Imagining Future Crime in the ‘War on Terror’. The British Journal of Criminology 49(5): 628-645.
Melossi, D. (2015). Crime, Punishment and Migration. London: Sage.
Menjívar, C., Gómez Cervantes, A. & Alvord, D. (2018). The Expansion of “Crim-migration,” Mass Detention, and Deportation. Sociology Compass 12(4): e12573.
Miller, T. A. (2003). Citizenship & Severity: Recent Immigration Reforms and the New Penology. Georgetown Immigration Law Journal 17: 611-666.
Mitsilegas, V. (2015). The Criminalisation of Migration in Europe: Challenges for Human Rights and the Rule of Law. Cham: Springer.
Mitsilegas, V. (2021). The Criminalisation of Migration in the Law of the European Union: Challenging the Preventive Paradigm. In: Gatta G. L. Mitsilegas V. and Zirulia, S. (eds.). Controlling Immigration Through Criminal Law: European and Comparative Perspectives on ‘Crimmigration’. Hart: Oxford, pp. 25-45.
Moffette, D. (2014). Governing immigration through probation: The displacement of borderwork and the assessment of desirability in Spain. Security Dialogue 45(3): 262-278.
Moffette, D. (2018). Governing Irregular Migration: Bordering Culture, Labor, and Security in Spain. Vancouver: UBC Press.
Moffette, D. (2020). The Jurisdictional Games of Immigration Policing: Barcelona’s Fight against Unauthorized Street Vending. Theoretical Criminology 24(2): 258-275.
Moffette, D. & Pratt, J. (2020). Beyond criminal law and methodological nationa-lism: Borderlands, jurisdictional games and legal intersections. en Côté-Lussier C.
Moffette D. & Piché, J. (eds.). Contemporary Criminological Issues: Moving beyond Insecurity and Exclusion. Ottawa: University of Ottawa Press, pp. 15-39.
Muñoz, T. (2019). Mossos y Policía Nacional identifican a 70 carteristas reincidentes en el metro en solo dos horas. La Vanguardia, 27 de agosto. Disponible en www. lavanguardia.com/local/barcelona/20190827/464270801998/redada-carteristas-metro-barcelona.html (último acceso: 4 de agosto de 2023).
Palmer, P. (2012). Dealing with the exceptional: Pre crime anti–terrorism policy and practice. Policing and Society 22(4): 1-19.
Parmar, A. (2020). Arresting (non)Citizenship: The Policing Migration Nexus of Nationality, Race and Criminalization. Theoretical Criminology 24(1): 28-49.
Pickering, S. Bosworth, M. & Franko, K. (2015). The Criminology of Mobility, en The Routledge Handbook on Crime and International Migration. Routledge, pp. 382-395.
Piculicka-Wilczewska, A. (2020). Deporting Muslim Immigrants Won’t Make Poland Safer. Foreign Policy, 19 de octubre. Disponible en foreignpolicy.com/2020/10/19/deport-muslim-immigrants-poland-counterterrorism-pis-islamist-radicalization/ (ultimo acceso: 6 de Agosto de 2023).
Rosenberg-Rubins, R. (2023). Crimmigration under International Protection Cons-tructing Criminal Law as Governmentality. London: Routledge
.
Rosenbloom, R. E. (2018). Beyond Severity: A. New View of Crimmigration. Lewis & Clark Law Review 22(3): 663-708.
Sklansky D. A. (2012). Crime, Immigration, and ad hoc Instrumentalism. New Cri-minal Law Review 15(2): 157-223.
Spalding, A. (2022). The Treatment of Immigrants in the European Court of Human Rights: Moving Beyond Criminalisation. Hart: Oxford.
Staring R. & Timmerman, R. (2021). The Crimmigration Trend in the Netherlands: Some Critical Reflections. Crimmigratie & Recht 5(1): 60-71.
Stumpf, J. (2006). The Crimmigration Crisis: Immigrants, Crime, and Sovereign Power. American University Law Review 56: 367-419.
Stumpf, J. (2011). Doing Time: Crimmigration Law and the Perils of Haste. UCLA Law Review 58: 1705-1748.
Stumpf, J. (2013a). Two Profiles of Crimmigration Law: Criminal Deportation and Illegal Migration. en Pakes, F. (ed.). Globalisation and the Challenge to Crimino-logy. London: Routledge, pp. 91-109.
Stumpf, J. (2013b). The Process Is the Punishment in Crimmigration Law. en Franko Aas K. & Bosworth, M. (eds.). The Borders of Punishment: Migration, Citizenship, and Social Exclusion. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 58-75.
Stumpf, J. (2015). Crimmigration: Encountering the Leviathan. en Pickering S. & Ham, J. (eds.). The Routledge Handbook on Crime and International Migration. Abingdon: Routledge, pp. 237-250.
Stumpf, J. (2020). The Terrorism of Everyday Crime. en Koulish R. & van der Woude, M. (eds.). Crimmigrant Nations: Resurgent Nationalism and the Closing of Borders. New York: Fordham University Press, pp. 89-115.
Todd-Kvam, J. (2019). Bordered Penal Populism: When Populism and Scandinavian Exceptionalism Meet. Punishment & Society 21(3): 295-314.
van der Leun J. & van der Woude, M. (2013). A. Reflection on Crimmigration in the Netherlands: On the Cultural Security Complex and the Impact of Framing. en Guia, M. J. van der Woude M. & van der Leun, J. (eds.), Social Control and Justice: Crimmigration in the Age of Fear. Den Haag: Eleven, pp. 41-60.
van der Woude, M. (2020). A. Patchwork of Intra-Schengen Policing: Border Games over National Identity and National Sovereignty. Theoretical Criminology 24(1): 110-131.
van der Woude, M. Barker V. & van der Leun, J. (eds.). (2017a). Special Issue on Crimmigration in Europe. European Journal of Criminology 14(1): 3-139.
van der Woude, M. Barker V. & van der Leun, J. (2017b). Introduction: Crimmigration in Europe. European Journal of Criminology 14(1): 3-6.
van der Woude, M.A.H. and van Berlo, P. (2015). Crimmigration at the Internal Borders of Europe? Examining the Schengen Governance Package. Utrecht Law Review 11(1): 61-79.
van der Woude, M. van der Leun J. & Nijland J-A (2014). Crimmigration in the Netherlands. Law & Social Inquiry 39(3): 560-579.
Vázquez, Y. (2015). Constructing Crimmigration: Latino Subordination in a “Post- Racial” World. Ohio State Law Journal 76(3): 599-657.
Vázquez, Y. (2017). Crimmigration: The Missing Piece of Criminal Justice Reform. University of Richmond Law Review 51: 1093-1147.
Velloso, J. G. Vieira (2013). Beyond Criminocentric Dogmatism: Mapping Insti-tutional Forms of Punishment in Contemporary Societies. Punishment & Society 15(2): 166-186.
Wadhia, S. S. (2019). Banned: Immigration Enforcement in the Time of Trump. New York: New York University Press.
Walklate, S. & Mythen, G. (2014). Contradictions of Terrorism: Security, Risk, Re-silience. London: Routledge.
Walters, W. (2015). Migration, vehicles, and politics: Three theses on viapolitics. European Journal of Social Theory 18(4): 469-488.
Walters, W. (2016). The Flight of the Deported: Aircraft, Deportation, and Politics. Geopolitics 21(2): 435-458.
Weber L. & McCulloch, J. (2019). Penal Power and Border Control: Which Thesis? Sovereignty, Governmentality, or the Pre-emptive State? Punishment & Society 21(4): 496-514.
Welch, M. (2006). Scapegoats of September 11th. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
Wonders, N. (2017). Sitting on the Fence – Spain’s Delicate Balance: Bordering, Multiscalar Challenges, and Crimmigration. European Journal of Criminology 14(1): 7-26.
Zedner, L. (2016). Penal subversions: When is a punishment not punishment, who decides and on what grounds? Theoretical Criminology 20(1): 3-20.
Zilberg, E. (2011). Space of Detention: The Making of a Transnational Gang Crisis between Los Angeles and San Salvador. Durham: Duke University Press.
Citado por
