Crimigración: Los riesgos del uso creciente del Derecho migratorio en el marco del sistema penal
Crimmigration: Exploring the Challenges of the Increasing Utilisation of Migration Law Within the Criminal Justice System
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En marzo de 2024 se ha celebrado en Portland (EE. UU.) el quinto congreso global de estudios crimigratorios. A lo largo de los últimos tres lustros, la crimigración se ha convertido en una tesis fundamental para estudiar los procesos de criminalización de la movilidad irregular y, más en general, la creciente interrelación entre el derecho penal y el derecho migratorio. Este trabajo presenta las principales líneas de debate en torno a la tesis de la crimigración. Junto a ello, analiza un aspecto al que no se ha prestado suficiente atención por parte de la literatura internacional en la materia, a saber, la tensión entre los objetivos de control migratorio y los de control penal. Esa tensión, que se manifiesta tanto en el plano normativo como –más aún– en el de aplicación del derecho, ha dado lugar en diferentes países a diversos modelos punitivos, que en general suelen priorizar los intereses de control migratorio frente a los propios del derecho penal y del sistema penal.
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