La importancia estratégica de las disputas territoriales del Estado chino en el mar de China Meridional: un enfoque geopolítico desde el realismo neoclásico
The Strategic Importance of the Territorial Disputes of the Chinese State in the South China Sea: A Geopolitical Approach from Nneoclassical Realism
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Este artículo analiza la relación entre los factores geopolíticos y la importancia estratégica de las disputas territoriales del Estado chino en el mar de China Meridional. El estudio examina esta relación a través de la influencia de los factores geopolíticos en la configuración de la estrategia nacional china. Para hacerlo recurre al realismo neoclásico abordando las interacciones entre las presiones externas y las variables intervinientes del nivel de la unidad. De esta manera analiza cómo los factores geopolíticos moldearon la percepción de la realidad de los líderes chinos y su impacto en la interpretación de ciertos eventos, como la crisis del estrecho de Taiwán de 1995 y la entrada en vigor de la Convención de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Derecho del Mar. El estudio sostiene que estos eventos fueron considerados una amenaza para China y contribuyeron a configurar la estrategia nacional en un sentido marítimo. En consecuencia, China desarrolló su poder naval para controlar el mar de China meridional y establecer su esfera de influencia con el fin de convertirse en potencia regional hegemónica. Todo esto significó el aumento de su presencia y asertividad en la región, lo que demuestra la importancia de sus disputas territoriales en esta área.
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