“Secessionist Maroons who have asserted sovereignty”: Accompong Maroons and the Jamaican State today
“Secessionist Maroons who have asserted sovereignty”: Accompong Maroons and the Jamaican State today
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En 2021, con la elección de un nuevo jefe (el coronel más joven de la historia, con 40 años), las relaciones entre los Accompong Maroons y el gobierno de Jamaica se deterioraron. Bajo el mando del jefe Richard Currie, que se describe a sí mismo como funcionario del gobierno y jefe de Estado, Accompong afirmó su soberanía como el “Estado soberano de Accompong”, con Accompong Town como capital del Cockpit Country. Los cimarrones del Estado de Accompong se autodenominan “herederos del Tratado de 1738 y de la identificación cimarrona”, afirmando ser descendientes de africanos occidentales autoliberados y anteriormente esclavizados y de amerindios indígenas. Según el jefe Currie, “La tierra es el señor y su plenitud. Nuestra soberanía se deriva de la libertad de nuestras tierras, por lo que cualquier cosa que hagamos con nuestras tierras tiene un valor imperativo para nuestra seguridad como pueblo”. Esta declaración de soberanía ha llevado a que el Gobierno de Jamaica declare que no reconoce ningún “Estado dentro de un Estado”. Por lo tanto, se niega a colaborar o a financiar aquellas comunidades que ha descrito como “cimarrones secesionistas”. Este caso de estudio sitúa a los cimarrones contemporáneos en la historia de Jamaica y su relación actual con el Estado jamaicano. Explora, en particular, las nociones contradictorias de soberanía que pueden estar detrás del conflicto entre el “Estado soberano de Accompong” y el Estado de Jamaica. La clave del conflicto son las diferencias en el significado del Tratado de 1738 firmado por los “primeros cimarrones”, que lucharon contra los británicos hasta un punto muerto en el siglo XVIII, obligándolos a llegar a un acuerdo con ellos. Para los cimarrones de hoy, el Tratado es eterno, mientras que el ahora independiente Estado jamaicano lo considera abrogado. ¿Es posible un acercamiento?
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