((D)(E-)) Valuation of the EU’s “Moral Power” in the European Neighbourhood (Policy) (ENP)
((D)(E-)) Valuation of the EU’s “Moral Power” in the European Neighbourhood (Policy) (ENP)
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Inspirado en la Nueva Guerra Fría entre Rusia y Occidente desde 2014, este artículo se basa en la teoría moral que gira en torno al marco conceptual del “poder moral” que procede teóricamente del poder “civil”/“normativo/”ética” europeo. Este se aplica a la (Política) Europea de Vecindad (ENP) como un caso de prueba principal compuesto de estudios de casos atomiza- dos en un terreno geográfico caracterizado por la agitación política, de seguridad y económica.
Ontológicamente, el artículo une el neorrealismo, el constructivismo y la teoría crítica para explicar los últimos acontecimientos en la vecindad política de la UE. Epistemológicamente, se basa en las trayectorias exterior/interior, ascendente, entrante/saliente para captar la dinámica local, la interacción regional y el contexto global. Metodológicamente, lleva a cabo un discurso cualitativo y un análisis de contenido cuantitativo que trasciende los giros “pragmáticos” y “narrativos” hacia el interpretativismo.
Este artículo a) demuestra la transición teórica del “poder normativo de Europa” (NPE) al “poder moral” que deconstruye las normas centrales y secundarias de la NPE y b) anatomiza la ENP a través de los siete “parámetros” de la “moralidad”, a saber, consecuencialismo, coherencia, consistencia, equilibrio entre valores e intereses, estabilidad normativa, inclusión y legitimidad externa, y el tipo relevante de “poder”, es decir, “potencial”, “real” y “actualizado”. De este modo, “construye” una pirámide que compartimenta las normas de la UE de acuerdo con una supuesta moralidad objetiva, una ética relativa y una normatividad subjetiva. En última instancia, más allá de la realpolitik, el artículo muestra el agotamiento de la ENP, que induce la (de) valuación del “poder moral” de la UE a través de “digresiones normativas”: corrosión, derogación, desviación, perversión, erosión, conversión, subversión en conjunto con “distorsiones morales”: moralmente utilitarias, inmorales, antimorales, amorales, inmorales, no morales y moralistas.
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