“Secessionist Maroons who have asserted sovereignty”: Accompong Maroons and the Jamaican State today
“Secessionist Maroons who have asserted sovereignty”: Accompong Maroons and the Jamaican State today
Barra lateral del artículo
PDF (English)
FLIP
HTML (English)
XML (English)
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
En 2021, con la elección de un nuevo jefe (el coronel más joven de la historia, con 40 años), las relaciones entre los Accompong Maroons y el gobierno de Jamaica se deterioraron. Bajo el mando del jefe Richard Currie, que se describe a sí mismo como funcionario del gobierno y jefe de Estado, Accompong afirmó su soberanía como el “Estado soberano de Accompong”, con Accompong Town como capital del Cockpit Country. Los cimarrones del Estado de Accompong se autodenominan “herederos del Tratado de 1738 y de la identificación cimarrona”, afirmando ser descendientes de africanos occidentales autoliberados y anteriormente esclavizados y de amerindios indígenas. Según el jefe Currie, “La tierra es el señor y su plenitud. Nuestra soberanía se deriva de la libertad de nuestras tierras, por lo que cualquier cosa que hagamos con nuestras tierras tiene un valor imperativo para nuestra seguridad como pueblo”. Esta declaración de soberanía ha llevado a que el Gobierno de Jamaica declare que no reconoce ningún “Estado dentro de un Estado”. Por lo tanto, se niega a colaborar o a financiar aquellas comunidades que ha descrito como “cimarrones secesionistas”. Este caso de estudio sitúa a los cimarrones contemporáneos en la historia de Jamaica y su relación actual con el Estado jamaicano. Explora, en particular, las nociones contradictorias de soberanía que pueden estar detrás del conflicto entre el “Estado soberano de Accompong” y el Estado de Jamaica. La clave del conflicto son las diferencias en el significado del Tratado de 1738 firmado por los “primeros cimarrones”, que lucharon contra los británicos hasta un punto muerto en el siglo XVIII, obligándolos a llegar a un acuerdo con ellos. Para los cimarrones de hoy, el Tratado es eterno, mientras que el ahora independiente Estado jamaicano lo considera abrogado. ¿Es posible un acercamiento?
Palabras clave:
Descargas
Detalles del artículo
Referencias (VER)
Ashley, P. (2018). Dudus: The Extradition of Jamaica’s #1 Don. Kingston.
Baker, E. (1898). The Maroons of Jamaica, The North American Review, 167, 558-568.
Batts, D. (2008). The Maroons: A special right to land? Caribbean Rights, 1(3), 6-13.
Bilby, K. (1997). Swearing by the past, Swearing to the future: Sacred oaths, alliances, and treaties among the Guianese and Jamaican Maroons. Ethnohistory, 44(4), 655-689.
Bilby, K. (2010, April 15). Maroon autonomy in Jamaica. Cultural Survival. https://www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/maroon-autonomy-jamaica
Burnard, T. (2020). Jamaica in the age of revolution. University of Pennsylvania Press.
Carey, B. (1997). The Maroon Story: The authentic and original history of the Maroons in the history of Jamaica, 1490-1880. Agouti Press.
Ewing-Chow, D. (2021a, February 28). Sovereignty and the soil: Chief Richard Currie and the rising of the Maroon nation iIn Jamaica. Forbes Magazine.
Ewing-Chow, D. (2021b, March 31). Her land within an island: The female farmers of the Accompong Maroons. Forbes Magazine. https://www.forbes.com/sites/daphneewingchow/2021/03/31/her-land-within-an-island-the-female-farmers-of-the-accompong-maroons/?sh=43c7e29b1ac5
Frater, A. (2021, August 13). Chief Currie wants peace, but prepared to fight. Jamaica Gleaner. https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/ news/20210813/chief-currie-wants-peace-prepared-fight
Fuller, H., & Benn Torres, J. (2018). Investigating the “Taíno” ancestry of the Jamaican Maroons: A new genetic (DNA), historical, and multidisciplinary analysis and case study of the Accompong Town Maroons. Canadian Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies 43(1), 47-78. 10.1080/08263663.2018.1426227
Goffe, M. (2018). The rights of the Maroons in the emerging ganja industry in Jamaica. Social and Economic Studies, 67(1), 85-115.
Green, P. (2019, September 20). Heritage impact assessment for Cockpit Country. Jamaica Daily Gleaner. https://jamaica-gleaner.com/arti-cle/commentary/20190920/patricia-green-heritage-impact-assessment-cockpit-country
Hibbert, K. (2021, September 12). ‘Time come ohh’. Jamaica Observer. https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/news/time-come-ohh/
Jaffe, R. (2015). From Maroons to dons: Sovereignty, violence and law in Jamaica. Critique of Anthropology, 35(1), 7-63.
Kopytoff, B. K. (1976). Jamaican maroon political organization: The effects of the treaties. Social and Economic Studies, 25(2), 87-105.
Kopytoff, B. K. (1978). The early political development of Jamaican Maroon societies. The William and Mary Quarterly, 35(2), 287-307.
Kopytoff, B. K. (1979). Colonial Treaty as sacred charter of the Jamaican Maroons. Ethnohistory, 26(1), 45-64.
Lockett, J. D. (1999). The deportation of the maroons of trelawny town to Nova Scotia, then back to Africa. Journal of Black Studies, 30(1), 5-14.
Lumsden, J. (2001). ‘A brave and loyal people’: the role of the Maroons in the Morant Bay Rebellion in 1865. Jamaica History webpage. https://jamaica-history.weebly.com/2001-a-brave-and-loyal-people.html
Mackie, E. (2005). Welcome the outlaw: Pirates, maroons, and caribbean countercultures. Cultural Critique, 59, 24-62.
Moyston, L. E. (2022, January 13). The Maroons are no heroes. [Letter of the Day], Jamaica Gleaner. https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/ letters/20220113/letter-day-maroons-are-no-heroes
Mundle, T. (2022, July 22). Gov’t wants Maroon lawsuit thrown out. Jamaica Gleaner. https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/lead-stories/20220722/govt-wants-maroon-lawsuit-thrown-out
Parker, L. (2021). The Jamaican Maroons of the 17th and 18th centuries: Survivalists of the New World. CUNY Academic Works. https://academicworks.cuny.edu/cc_etds_theses/913
Patterson, O. (1970). Slavery and slave revolts: A socio-historical analysis of the first Maroon war, Jamaica, 1655-1740. Social and Economic Studies, 19(3), 289-325. https://www.jstor. org/stable/27856434
Perkins, A. K. (2023). For us, it is a Crisis!”: Mia Mottley and the Caribbean Revolt against the Climate Crisis. In K. Snyman, & L. Heath- Moore (Eds.), Revolting Christians: Theologies in Action (pp. 213-231). Walking the Walk Publications.
Pestana, C. G. (2017). The Jamaica Maroons and the dangers of categorical thinking. Commonplace: The Journal of Early American Life, 17(4). https://commonplace.online/article/ vol-17-no-4-pestana/
Robinson, P. (2021, September 6). Settle Maroon sovereignty claim amicably. [Letter of the Day.]. Jamaica Gleaner. https://jamaica-glea-ner.com/article/letters/20210906/letter-day-settle-maroon-sovereignty-claim-amicably
Shepherd, V. (2022, January 16). The Maroons of Jamaica and their rights as Indigenous Peoples. Jamaica Gleaner. https://jamaica-gleaner. com/article/focus/20220116/verene-shepherd-maroons-jamaica-and-their-rights-indigenous-peoples#google_vignette
Silvera, J. (2021a, February 22). Revolution cry!– Accompong’s youngest chief has big agenda for Maroons. Jamaica Gleaner. https:// jamaica-gleaner.com/a r t ic le / lead-s tories/20210222/revolution-cry-accompongs-youngest-chief-has-big-agenda-maroons
Silvera, J. (2021b, February 23). Maroon chief hits back at quasi-sovereign label. Jamaica Gleaner. https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/ lead-stories/20210223/maroon-chief-hits-back-quasi-sovereign-label
Silvera, J. (2021c, March 22). New Maroon chief rejects LUMI currency, defends queen. Jamaica Gleaner. https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/ news/20210322/new-maroon-chief-rejects-lumi-currency-defends-queen
Silvera, J. (2022a). Currie says Maroon festival will proceed. Jamaica Gleaner. https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/news/20220106/currie-says-maroon-festival-will-proceed
Silvera, J. (2022b, January 6). Maroon warning! Jamaica Gleaner. https://jamaica-gleaner. com/article/lead-stories/20220106/maroon-warning
Silvera, J. (2022c, January 9). ‘There is no other sovereign authority in Jamaica,’ Holness declares. Jamaica Gleaner. https://jamaica-gleaner. com/article/news/20220109/there-no-other-sovereign-authority-jamaica-holness-declares
Silvera, J. (2022d, January 10). War of Words! Jamaica Gleaner. https://jamaica-gleaner.com/ article/lead-stories/20220110/war-words
Silvera, J. (2023, March 20). Semi-automatic pistol seized in Maroon Town, three arrested, Jamaica Gleaner. https://jamaica-gleaner.com/ article/news/20230320/semi-automatic-pistol-seized-moore-town-three-arrested
Sivapragasam, M. (2018). After the treaties: A social, economic and demographic history of Maroon society in Jamaica, 1739-1842 (Ph. D.) thesis University of Southampton.
Small, S. (2023, January 24). PM accused of ‘ego trip’ for freezing relations with Accompong. Jamaica Gleaner. https://jamaica-gleaner. com/article/lead-stories/20230124/update-pm-accused-ego-trip-freezing-relations-accompong
State of Accompong (2022). Sovereign State of Accompong website. https://stateofaccompong. org/
Titus, T. (2022, January 23). We’re not traitors, says Maroon colonel. Jamaica Gleaner. https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/ lead-stories/20220123/were-not-traitors-says-maroon-colonel
Thompson, M. D. (2020). The rule of law and the public transcript: The Accompong Maroons and Colonial Jamaican Government’s dispute about Fullerswood Estate. Caribbean Quarterly, 66(4), 498-518.
Vannier, C. (2019). Slavery and its discontents: Shackled history as spiritual resources in Jamaica. In E. J. Montgomery (Ed.), Shackled Sentiments: Slaves, Spirits, and Memories in the African Diaspora (159-176). Lexington Books.
Vasciannie, S. (2022a, January 9). Law and the Maroon State. Jamaica Observer. https://www. jamaicaobserver.com/columns/law-and-the-maroon-state/
Vasciannie, S. (2022b, January 16). Reviewing Maroon arguments. Jamaica Sunday Observer. https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/opinion/ reviewing-maroon-arguments_241463
Vasciannie, S. (2023). The Sovereign State of Accompong?: A Legal Assessment (draft manuscript).
Vaz, N. C. (2019). Maroon emancipationists: Dominica’s Africans and Igbos in the age of revolution, 1763-1814. Journal of Caribbean History, 53(1), 27-59. https://doi.org/10.1353/ jch.2019.0007
Wilson, K. (2009). The performance of freedom: Maroons and the colonial order in eighteenth-century Jamaica and the Atlantic sound. The William and Mary Quarterly, 66(1), 45-86.
Zhang, S. J. (2023). Simarrona: Beyond etymologies toward a practice of unlearning. Small axe (July), 121-127.
Zips, W. (2011). Nanny’s Asafo Warriors: The Jamaican Maroons’ African experience. Ian Randle Publishers.
Citado por
