Security Actors, Agency Politics and Economic Implications of Multiple Security Checkpoints Along Nigeria-Benin Borders
Security Actors, Agency Politics and Economic Implications of Multiple Security Checkpoints Along Nigeria-Benin Borders
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En las fronteras entre Nigeria y la República de Benín, en el complejo de seguridad regional de África Occidental, existen actividades delictivas que plantean graves implicaciones para el Estado nigeriano. La persistencia de la delincuencia organizada transnacional en este corredor, a pesar de la presencia del Servicio de Aduanas, el Servicio de Inmigración y otras agencias de seguridad especializadas establecidas por Nigeria para erradicar por completo o minimizar los delitos transfronterizos, hace imperativo el estudio de la política de agencia de los múltiples puestos de control en las comunidades fronterizas entre Nigeria y Benín. El estudio, que utiliza la teoría de la agencia, adopta la investigación cualitativa con la ayuda de fuentes de datos primarias y secundarias para examinar la multiplicidad de agentes de seguridad (y sus puestos de control) e investigar la justificación y el impacto de los múltiples puestos de control para la seguridad fronteriza. El estudio sostiene que la multiplicidad de agentes de seguridad y puestos de control destinados a garantizar una seguridad fronteriza eficaz se han convertido en espacios para el soborno y la corrupción, la negociación, el regateo y el compromiso. El estudio concluye que estos puestos de control están interrelacionados y moldeados por la política de los organismos de seguridad que montan puestos de control a lo largo de la frontera entre Nigeria y Benín y, aunque estos han desempeñado un papel fundamental en la interceptación de delincuentes transfronterizos, también son “puntos de control” de interacciones corruptas entre los agentes de seguridad y los transportistas. En este sentido, el estudio recomienda que el gobierno nigeriano proporcione un marco de seguridad holístico que garantice que el propósito de los controles de seguridad a lo largo de las fronteras entre Nigeria y Benín se logre con una erradicación mínima o total de una interfaz poco profesional entre los actores de seguridad, criminales y no criminales.
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