Frank Knight, Max Weber, la economía de Chicago y el institucionalismo
Frank Knight, Max Weber, Chicago economics, and institutionalism
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Este ensayo muestra la influencia de Max Weber en el interés de Frank Knight por combinar la teoría económica y la historia económica comparada. En el periodo de entreguerras –cuando la enseñanza de la economía tenía un carácter pluralista– Knight se opuso al institucionalismo y defendió el estatus científico de la teoría neoclásica, pero sus lecturas de Weber Knight lo llevaron a considerar que el equilibrio y la competencia perfecta eran “tipos ideales”, construcciones útiles para la teorización pero que nunca se observan en la realidad. Ayudan a identificar los elementos centrales, pero el estudio de cómo cambian no es objeto de la teoría. Se debe recurrir entonces a la historia, en la que los cambios no se asemejan a equilibrios. En la posguerra apareció un nuevo estándar científico, que redefinió la disciplina y relegó la obra de Knight al ámbito no científico de la “filosofía social”.
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