Políticas horizontales en la contratación pública: una taxonomía
Horizontal Policies in Public Procurement: A Taxonomy
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La contratación pública es ampliamente utilizada para promover objetivos de naturaleza económica, ambiental y social, como el desarrollo económico de grupos sociales desfavorecidos. En este artículo se elabora una detallada taxonomía de tales políticas “horizontales”. Este estudio es valioso, en primer lugar, para facilitar el análisis del fenómeno práctico de las políticas horizontales y las implicaciones políticas de los diferentes enfoques y, en segundo lugar, para esclarecer y desarrollar los marcos normativos pertinentes bajo los regímenes nacionales e internacionales. La taxonomía se basa en tres distinciones clave entre: 1) políticas limitadas a asegurar el cumplimiento de la ley, y aquellas que van más allá; 2) políticas aplicadas solamente al contrato adjudicado, y aquellas que van más allá; y 3) nueve mecanismos diferentes por los cuales las políticas se implementan en el proceso de contratación.
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