¿Quién paga por la paz en Colombia?
¿Quién paga por la paz en Colombia?
Barra lateral del artículo
PDF
FLIP
HTML
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
Este artículo examina los costos políticos que habrán de asumir las FARC, las fuerzas armadas, los políticos derechistas, la élite y los intereses creados, las personas desplazadas, los cultivadores de coca y la clase media. El análisis también aborda el papel y el impacto de otros actores, como las Bacrim y los grupos guerrilleros que aún siguen operando, incluido el ELN.
Palabras clave:
Descargas
Detalles del artículo
Referencias (VER)
Aghedo, I. “Winning the war, losing the peace: Amnesty and the challenges of post-conflict peace-building in the Niger Delta, Nigeria”, Journal of Asian and African Studies 48, 3, 2013, pp. 267-280.
Amaize, E.; N. Levinus y T. Nwankwo. “mend, fg strike deal to end N-Delta crisis”, The Vanguard (Nigeria), 31 de julio de 2016, [http://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/07/mend-fg-strike-deal-end-ndelta-crisis/].
ap. “Colombia’s rebels unanimously approve peace accord with government”, The Associated Press, 23 de septiembre de 2016.
Beittel, J. “U.S. foreign assistance as Colombia’s peace talks on the cusp of completion”, Congressional Research Service, 20 de julio de 2016, [http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/IN10454.pdf ].
Bocarejo, D. y D. Ojeda. “Violence and conservation: Beyond unintended consequences and unfortunate coincidences”, Geoforum 69, febrero de 2016, pp. 176-183.
Bogati, S. “Assessing inclusivity in post-war army integration process in Nepal”, ips paper 11, cinep, 2015, [http://ips-project.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/IPSPaper11-Assessing-Inclusivity-in-the-Post-War-Army-Integration-Process-in-Nepal_English.pdf ].
Bonello, D. “un reports small decreases in Bolivia coca cultivation”, InSight Crime, 6 de julio de 2016, [http://www.insightcrime.org/news-analysis/bolivia-coca-cultivation-drops-closer-to-legal-cropallowance].
Brodzinsky, S. “Colombian rebels offer to support peasant protests”, The Guardian, 23 de julio de 2013.
ceacsc. “Primera encuesta: Felicidad y satisfacción de los ciudadanos en Bogotá D.C., año 2014”, [http://www.ceacsc.gov.co/index.php/descargas1/category/14-encuesta-de-felicidad-y satisfacciondownload=8:encuestade-felicidad-y-satisfaccion].
Chaplin, S. “Cities, sewers, and poverty: India’s politics of sanitation”, Environment and Urbanization 11, 1, 1999, pp. 145-158. 34 Chaplin, S. “Indian cities, sanitation, and the State: The politics of
the failure to provide”, Environment and Urbanization 23, 1, 2011,
pp. 57-70.
Cómo Vamos. “Informe de calidad de vida 2013: Seguridad y convivencia ciudadana”, 2013,[https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3.documentcloud.org/documents/1508082/22-ene-bcv-convivencia-seguridad-ciudadana.pdf ].
Coronel F., M. Costly wars, elusive peace: Collected articles on the peace processes in the Philippines, 1990-2007, Ciudad Quezón, University of the Philippines Press, 2013.
Ellis, E. “Strategic insights: The post-conflict and the transformation of Colombia’s armed forces”, Strategic Studies Institute, 17 de agosto de 2016.
Farthing, L. y K. Ledebur. “To the beat of a different drum: Bolivia’s community coca control”, na cla Report on the Americas 47, 2, 2014, pp. 51-55.
Felbab-B, V. Shooting up: Counterinsurgency and the war on drugs, Washington dc, The Brookings Institution, 2010.
Felbab-B., V. “Reducing urban violence: Lessons from Medellín”, The Brookings Institution, 14 de febrero de 2011a, [http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2011/0214_colombia_crime_felbabbrown.aspx].
Felbab-B., V. “Colombia’s consolidation: Everything coming up orchids?”, The Brookings Institution, 8 de marzo de 2011b, [http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/colombias-consolidation-everythingcoming-up-orchids/].
Felbab-B., V. “Improving supply side policies: Smarter eradication, interdiction, and alternative livelihoods and the possibility of licensing”, lse Drug Reform Series, 2014, [http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/ research/files/reports/2014/05/07%20improving%20supply%20side%20policies%20felbabbrown/improvingsupplysidepoliciesfelbabbrown.pdf ].
Felbab-B., V. “ddr in the context of offensive military operations, counterterrorism, cve and non-permissive environments: Key questions, challenges, and considerations”, J. Cockayne y S. O’Neil, eds., un ddr in an era of violent extremism: Is it fit for purpose?, Nueva York, United Nations University, 2015a, pp. 37-61.
Felbab-B., V. “Saving Somalia (again)”, Foreign Affairs, 23 de junio de 2015b, [http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/somalia/2015-06-23/saving-somalia-again].
Felbab-B., V. “Enabling war and peace: Drugs, logs, gems, and wildlife in Thailand and Burma”, The Brookings Institution, East Asia Policy Paper No. 7, diciembre de 2015c, [http://www.brookings.edu/wpcontent/ uploads/2016/07/Policy-paper-7-webv5-1.pdf ].
Felbab-B, V. “No easy exit: Drugs and counternarcotics policies in Afghanistan”, The Brookings Institution, 29 de abril de 2015d, [http://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/FelbabBrown-Afghanistan-final.pdf ].
Felbab-B., V. “Somalia: Most-failed State”, The Economist, 10 de septiembre de 2016.
Felbab-B, V. et al. “Assessment of the implementation of the United States Government’s support for Plan Colombia’s illicit crops reduction components”, usaid, abril de 2009, [http://pdf.usaid.gov/ pdf_docs/PDACN233.pdf ].
Felbab-B., B y A. Newby. “How to break free of the drugs-conflict nexus in Colombia”, The Brookings Institution”, 16 de diciembre de 2015.
Fip. “Impact evaluation of the National Plan for Community Policing in Quadrants”, Fundación Ideas para la Paz, Report 18, noviembre de 2012, [http://archive.ideaspaz.org/images/Informe%20Fip%2018%20 PNVCC%20ingles_web-cristal.pdf ].
Franco, D. “‘Paz Colombia’: Santos, Obama announce next chapter of U.S. support”, nbc News, 5 de febrero de 2016.
Gagne, D. “Colombia security forces failing to block Urabeños expansion”, InSight Crime, 11 de abril de 2016a, [http://www.insightcrime.org/news-briefs/colombia-security-forces-failing-to-block-expansionurabenos].
Gagne, D. “bacrim: Winner or Loser in Colombia’s Peace”, InSight Crime, 1 de julio de 2016b,[http://www.insightcrime.org/news-analysis/bacrim-winner-or-loser-in-colombia-peace-deal].
Gutiérrez S., F. y A. González P. “Colombia’s paramilitary ddr and its limits”, A. Giustozzi, ed., Post-conflict disarmament, demobilization and reintegration: Bringing state-buidling back in, Ashgate, Farnham, 2012.
Icg. “Correcting the course: Victims and the justice and peace law in Colombia”, International Crisis Group, Latin America Report 29, 30 de octubre de 2008, [http://d2071andvip0wj.cloudfront.net/29-correcting-course victims-and-the-justice-and-peace-law-in-colombia.pdf ].
Icg. “Nepal’s peace process: The endgame nears”, Asia Briefing 131, 2011 [http://d2071andvip0wj.cloudfront.net/b131-nepal-s-peaceprocess-the-endgame-nears.pdf ].
Icg. “Colombia’s final steps to the end of war”, International Crisis Group, 7 de septiembre de 2016, [http://d2071andvip0wj.cloudfront.net/058-colombia-s-final-steps-to-the-end-of-war.pdf ].
iiss. The militar balance 2005-2006, International Institute for Strategic Studies, Londres, Routledge, 2006.
iiss. “Chapter eight: Latin America and the Caribbean”, The Military Balance 116, 1, 2016.
Isacson, A. “‘Consolidating ‘consolidation’”, wola, diciembre de 2012 [http://www.wola.org/files/Consolidating_Consolidation.pdf ].
Kaplan, O. y E. Nussio. “Explaining recidivism of ex-combatants in Colombia”, Journal of Conflict Resolution, mayo de 2016, pp. 1-30.
Ledebur, K. y Y. J. Romani. “Some are more equal than others: U.S. decertification of Bolivia’s drug control efforts”, Andean Information Network, 21 de septiembre de 2016, [http://ain-bolivia.org/2016/09/some-are-more-equal-than-others-u-s-decertification-of-bolivias-drugcontrol-efforts/].
León, K. S. “Colombia’s national policing model: Real success?” aula Blog, Center for Latin American and Latino Studies, American University, 2 de octubre de 2015, [http://aulablog.net/2015/10/02/colombias-national-policing-model-real-success/].
Miroff, N. “Colombia’s war has displaced 7 million. With peace, will they go home?”, The Washington Post, 5 de septiembre de 2016.
Muggah, R. “Introduction: The emperor’s clothes?”, R. Muggah, ed., Security and post-conflict reconstruction: Dealing with fighters in the aftermath of war, Abingdon, Routledge, 2009, pp. 1-29.
Neuman, W. “Push for Colombians to stop farming coca falls short”, New York Times, 2 de junio de 2015.
New York Times. “How Bolivia fights the drug scourge”, 14 de septiembre de 2016.
onudd. Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia: monitoreo de cultivos de coca 2014, agosto de 2015,[http://www.unodc.org/documents/bolivia/Informe_Monitoreo_Coca_2014/Bolivia_Informe_Monitoreo_Coca_2014.pdf ].
Oosterbaan, S. y J. van Wijk. “Pacifying and integrating the favelas of Rio de Janeiro: An evaluation of the impact of the upp Program on Favela Residents”, International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice 39, 3, 2015, pp. 179-198.
Palmer, D. S. y A. Bolívar, “Peru’s Shining Path: Recent dynamics an future prospects”, Florida International University, Western Hemisphere Security Analysis Center Paper 2, 2011, [http://digitalcommons.fiu.
edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1001&context=whemsac].
Planck, F. “Not enough pieces of the cake? The Moro National Liberation Front (mnlf ) in the Mindanao final agreement”, Asian Security 11, 2, 2015.
Prakash, A. “The periurban water security problem: A case study of Hyderabad in Southern India”, Water Policy 16, 3, 2014, pp. 454-469.
Renard, R. D. Opium reduction in Thailand, 1970-2000: A thirty-year journey, Bangkok, undcp Silkworm Books, 2001.
Romero, S. “Colombia lists civilian killings in guerrilla toll”, New York Times, 29 de octubre de 2008.
Sengupta, S. “Colombia’s leader says peace deal rests on people’s ability to forgive”, New York Times, 19 de septiembre de 2016.
Sharma, G. “Ex-Maoist fighters join army in Nepal but challenges remain”, Reuters, 26 de agosto de 2013.
Slack, E. R. Opium, State, and society: China’s narco-economy and the Guomindang, 1924-1937, Honolulú, Hawai University Press, 2001.
Stratfor. “Nigeria’s peace talks are doomed from the start”, 17 de junio de 2016.
The Economist. “Cannabis in Colombia: Weeds of peace”, 6 de agosto de 2016.
Torjesen, S. “Towards a theory of ex-combatant reintegration”, Stability: International Journal of Security and Development 2 3, 2013, pp. 1-13.
usds. “International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (incsr) – Colombia”, marzo de 2016, [http://www.state.gov/j/inl/rls/nrcrpt/2016/vol1/253252.htm].
Windle, J. Suppressing illicit opium production: Successful interventions in Asia and the Middle East, Londres, I. B. Taurus, 2016.
World Bank. “Colombia country overview: Foreign direct investment,net inflows: 2005-2015”, 2015, [http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/BX.KLT.DINV.CD.WD?end=2015&locations=CO&start=2005&vie
w=chart.
Yongming, Z. Anti-drug Crusades in Twentieth-century China: Nationalism, history, and State-building, Lanham, Rowman y Littlefield, 1999.
Youngers, C. “Shifts in cultivation, usage put Bolivia’s coca policy at the crossroads”, World Politics Review, 5 de diciembre de 2013.
Yung-fa, C. “The blooming poppy under the Red Sun: The Yan’an way and the opium trade”, T. Saich y H. van de Ven, eds., New perspectives on the Chinese Communist Revolution, Armonk, Sharpe, 1995, pp. 263-297.
Citado por
