Un modelo interdisciplinario para la macroeconomía
An interdisciplinary model for macroeconomics
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La modelación macroeconómica está bajo intenso escrutinio desde la gran crisis financiera, que dejó al descubierto los graves defectos de la metodología utilizada para entender la economía en su conjunto. Se critican los supuestos empleados en los modelos dominantes, en particular que los agentes económicos son homogéneos y optimizadores y que la economía se equilibra. Este escrito explora un enfoque interdisciplinario de modelación macroeconómica con técnicas tomadas de otras ciencias, y examina la modelación basada en agentes como ejemplo de esas técnicas. Los modelos basados en agentes complementan los enfoques existentes y son adecuados para responder preguntas macroeconómicas donde la complejidad, la heterogeneidad, las redes y las heurísticas cumplen un papel importante.
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